Proton Paths of Cardiac Immune Reflex

oculo-cardiac reflex during strabismus surgery

purpose: to evaluate the incidence of the oculo-cardiac reflex (ocr) and its associated risk factors during strabismus surgeries performed at a tertiary referral center between 1390 and 1392. methods: over a 2-year period, all strabismus surgery candidates were enrolled in the study after obtaining consent from the patients or their parents. vital signs were recorded before the initiation of th...

Perioperative reflex bradycardia and cardiac arrest.

vasovagal syncope or neurocardiogenic syncope refers to the loss of consciousness that occurs secondary to hypotension resulting in reduced blood supply to the brain. it is the most common form of unexplained syncope (50-60%) in the outpatient setting. Bradycardia and vasodilation are the primary causes of this hypotension. fear, pain, dehydration, alcohol consumption, anxiety, tight clothing a...

The oculorespiratory cardiac reflex in the dog.

Intraorbital and intracranial electrical stimulation as compared with manual eye pressure indicates that in the dog the afferent pathway for the oculorespiratory cardiac reflex is carried by the ophthalmic division of the fifth cranial nerve. The effects on cardiac and respiratory arrythmia produced by using intravenous atropine have demonstrated that, although reflex bradycardia can be abolish...

Reflex anuria following acute cardiac event

BACKGROUND Reflex anuria is an uncommon cause for acute renal failure, which occurs almost always after manipulation or irritation to kidneys, ureter, bladder or other pelvic organs. CASE PRESENTATION Here we describe a case of acute renal failure due to reflex anuria following acute cardiac event. This patient had background history of urolithiasis. In the absence of other pre renal, renal o...

Topical lidocaine to suppress trigemino-cardiac reflex.